Imakethe yembewu yeSesame emhlabeni?

I-Ethiopia ingelinye lamazwe amakhulu akhula futhi athumela i-sesame e-Afrika, Ngenxa yokuthumela inani elikhulu emakethe yomhlaba.ISesame ikhiqizwa ezindaweni ezahlukene e-Ethiopia.Ikhula njengesitshalo esikhulu eTigray, Amhara, naseSomilia, nase-Ormia

Izinselelo namathuba akhona e-Ethiopia mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwesesame kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe

Amathuba okukhiqizwa kwesesame e-Ethiopia

I-agro-ecology ehlukahlukene e-Ethiopia ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwesesame.Izinhlobo eziningi zesesame ziyalinywa e-Ethiopia.amathuba kanye ne-prospectus yesikhathi esizayo yokukhiqizwa kwesesame e-Ethiopia kukhonjiswe kanje.

- Ukufaneleka komhlaba wokukhiqizwa kwesesame: kunendawo enkulu ezifundeni ezihlukene e-Ethiopia yokukhiqizwa kwesesame (izifunda zaseTigray, Amhara, Benshangul Assosa, Gambella, Oromia, Somalia kanye neSNNP),

- Kunesidingo esihle sesesame yase-Ethiopia emakethe yomhlaba,

- Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezingaphansi kocwaningo nokuqinisekiswa ezikhungweni zocwaningo ezehlukene ezweni lonke, futhi ukusabalalisa lezi zinhlobonhlobo kubalimi kanye nabalimi kuzokhuthaza.Ukukhuthaza ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwe-sesame, ukunaka iqhaza lesitshalo ezweni kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa nokukhiqiza kwesilimo.Nokho, isilimo asigcizelelwa kangako kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyimali yangaphandle.

- Kunomthombo omkhulu wemisebenzi yezikhathi eziphakeme (ukutshala, ukuhlakula nokuvuna)

- Isikhungo sokuthenga ngesikweletu nguhulumeni kanye nabakweletwayo abazimele ngokutshalwa kwe-sesame

5. Ukunganakwa kancane ocwaningweni lwesesame uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izitshalo ezifana nommbila nokolweni nakuba kuyimpahla ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eduze nekhofi.

6. Ukuntuleka kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe (ukutshala, ukuvuna): iningi labalimi bakasesame abalimi abangakwazi ukukhokhela imishini yesimanje yokutshala, yokuvuna neyokubhula.

7. Ukuntuleka kwezinsiza ezithuthukisiwe

8. Ukusabela kahle kukamanyolo wesitshalo sesame

9. Ukuphihliza: amakhepsuli emvelo kasesame aqhekeka futhi achithe imbewu lapho efika ekuvuthweni futhi ukuvunwa sekwephuzile.Inani elikhulu lesivuno sesesame liyalahleka ngenxa yokuphahlazeka, ngisho nokuvunwa futhi kuhlanganiswe endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hilla'.Ukuqoqa isivuno endaweni ebushelelezi noma emaphepheni epulasitiki kuyikhambi elihle.

Ukulima kwabalimi abancane Ukukhiqizwa kwesesame ezindaweni ezahlukene e-Ethiopia kwenziwa yizindawo ezihlukene.Abatshalizimali abakhulu abaphethe amakhulu amahektha, kanti abalimi abancane banamasimu omhlaba ongaphansi kwamahektha ayishumi, lapho kwezinye izindawo ezinezicucu zezindawo ezihlukene, okufaka izindleko ezengeziwe zokukhiqiza, nokuphathwa kwezitshalo okungalingani.Ukulima ngezinga elincane okuhambisana nohlelo lokukhiqiza olubuyela emuva kuholele ekukhiqizeni usesame kwaba kubi kakhulu.Ukukhiqizwa kwesesame ezindaweni eziningi ngaphansi kwabalimi

ukuphathwa kungaphansi kuka-10Qt/ha.Abatshalizimali basebenzisa uhlelo olubanzi lokukhiqiza esikhundleni sokusebenzisa kakhulu

ukukhiqizwa, ukukhiqizwa okungekuhle kungakhathalekile ukuthi insimu ingakanani.

4. Ukuthekelisa kanye nokumaketha kweSesame

ISesame iyizitshalo zikawoyela ezihamba phambili ezikhiqizwa e-Ethiopia futhi ingeyesibili impahla ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eneqhaza emalini etholwa yizwe yokuthekelisa.Ukukhiqizwa kwembewu kasesame emhlabeni wonke, ukukhiqiza kanye nendawo eyahlanganiswa ngo-2012 yayingamathani angu-4441620, 5585 Hg/ha kanye namahektha angama-7952407 ngokulandelana kanye nokukhiqizwa, ukukhiqiza kanye nokutholakala kwendawo e-Ethiopia ngonyaka ofanayo kwaba amathani angu-181376, 7572 Hg no-2395 ngokulandelana .FAOSTAT.fao.org) .

I-China ingumthengisi omkhulu wembewu ye-sesame yase-Ethiopia.Ngo-2014 i-Ethiopia yathumela ngaphandle amathani angu-346,833 ezimbewu zikasesame yazuza imali eyizigidi ezingu-USD 693.5.Kodwa-ke, ngo-2015 ukuthunyelwa kwembewu kwamanye amazwe kwehle ngo-24% ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibi sekhwalithi yembewu ewohlokayo kanye nokwehla kwentengo nokutholakala ngokweqile kwezimbewu zikasesame.