Ukutshalwa kweSesame kusatshalaliswa kakhulu e-Asia, e-Afrika, eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu Melika. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa kwezimboni: Ngo-2018, isamba sokukhiqizwa kwesesame emazweni akhulunywe ngenhla akhiqiza kakhulu sasicishe sibe ngamathani ayizigidi ezi-2.9, okubalelwa ku-80% wesamba esiphelele sokukhiqizwa kwesesame emhlabeni wonke esingamathani ayizigidi ezi-3.6. Phakathi kwazo, umthamo wokukhiqiza waseMpumalanga Afrika naseNtshonalanga Afrika ungamathani angaba yizigidi ezingu-1.5, okwenza ngaphezu kuka-40% womhlaba, futhi cishe u-85% womkhiqizo usetshenziselwa imakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. I-Afrika isibe yisona sodwa isifunda esinokukhiqizwa kukasesa okwandayo nokukhula ngokushesha emhlabeni. Kusukela ngo-2005, i-Ethiopia eMpumalanga Afrika isibe ngelinye lamazwe abalulekile asafufusa emkhiqizweni we-sesame emhlabeni jikelele. Indawo okulinywa kuyo usesame eSudan ithatha cishe amaphesenti angama-40 e-Afrika, kanti umkhiqizo ojwayelekile ngonyaka awukho ngaphansi kwamathani angama-350,000, ikleliswe kuqala emazweni ase-Afrika.
E-Afrika, iTanzania inomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamathani angaba ngu-120,000-150,000, iMozambique inomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamathani angaba ngu-60,000, kanti i-Uganda inomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamathani angaba ngu-35,000. E-Afrika, iTanzania inomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamathani angaba ngu-120,000-150,000, iMozambique inomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamathani angaba ngu-60,000, kanti i-Uganda inomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamathani angaba ngu-35,000. I-China iyimakethe enkulu yokuthekelisa emazweni amathathu aseMpumalanga Afrika, ilandelwa yiJapan. Ukukhiqizwa eNtshonalanga Afrika cishe kungamathani angu-450,000, lapho iNigeria neBurkina Faso zikhiqiza amathani angaphezu kuka-200,000 kanye namathani ayi-150,000 ngokulandelana. Eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule, ukukhiqizwa kwesesame eNigeria naseBurkina Faso eNtshonalanga Afrika kuthuthuke ngokushesha, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwenyuke kakhulu. I-China iyimakethe enkulu yokuthekelisa emazweni amathathu aseMpumalanga Afrika, ilandelwa yiJapan. Ukukhiqizwa eNtshonalanga Afrika cishe kungamathani angu-450,000, lapho iNigeria neBurkina Faso zikhiqiza amathani angaphezu kuka-200,000 kanye namathani ayi-150,000 ngokulandelana. Eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule, ukukhiqizwa kwesesame eNigeria naseBurkina Faso eNtshonalanga Afrika kuthuthuke ngokushesha, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwenyuke kakhulu.
I-India njengamanje ingumkhiqizi omkhulu nomthengisi wesesame emhlabeni wonke, ekhiqiza amathani angaba ngu-700,000 ngonyaka, futhi incike kakhulu emvuleni yeziphepho ukuze ikhiqize. I-Myanmar ikhiqiza amathani angaba ngu-350,000, lapho indawo yokutshala i-hemp emnyama yaseMyanmar ikhule kakhulu ngo-2019. I-India, i-China, i-Sudan ne-Myanmar abakhiqizi abane bendabuko abakhulu be-sesame emhlabeni jikelele, futhi ngaphambi kuka-2010, lawa mazwe amane abe ngaphezu kwalokho. Ama-65% omkhiqizo womhlaba. Kule minyaka emihlanu edlule, ukuthunyelwa kwe-sesame emhlabeni jikelele bekuphakathi kwamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.7 kuya kwezi-2. Amazwe amakhulu akhiqizayo nawo ngokwesisekelo amazwe athumela ngaphandle. Amazwe athumela kwamanye amazwe ayi-6 ngobukhulu emhlabeni: i-India, iSudan, i-Ethiopia, iNigeria, iBurkina Faso, iTanzania. Amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika akhiqiza kakhulu ukuthengisa ngaphandle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-17-2024
