Isimo sokungeniswa kwesesame saseChina

Eminyakeni yakamuva, ukuthembela kwe-sesame ezweni lami kuhlezi kuphezulu. Izibalo ze-China National Cereals and Oils Information Centre zikhombisa ukuthi i-sesame iwuhlobo lwesine lwembewu kawoyela edliwayo ephuma kwamanye amazwe e-China. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi i-China yenza u-50% wokuthengwa kwe-sesame emhlabeni, u-90% wawo uvela e-Afrika. ISudan, iNiger, iTanzania, i-Ethiopia, neTogo amazwe amahlanu ahamba phambili eChina ekungeniseni impahla.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-sesame yase-Afrika bekukhula kuleli khulu leminyaka ngenxa yesidingo esikhulayo esivela eChina. Usomabhizinisi waseChina oseneminyaka eminingi e-Afrika uveze ukuthi izwekazi lase-Afrika linokukhanya kwelanga okuchichimayo nomhlabathi ofanele. Isivuno sesesame sixhumene ngqo nemvelo yendawo yendawo. Amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika akhiqiza u-sesame ngokwawo angamazwe amakhulu ezolimo.

Izwekazi lase-Afrika linesimo sezulu esishisayo nesomile, amahora amaningi okukhanya kwelanga, umhlaba omkhulu kanye nezinsizakusebenza eziningi, okuhlinzeka ngezimo ezihlukahlukene ezikahle zokukhula kwe-sesame. Iholwa yiSudan, i-Ethiopia, iTanzania, iNigeria, iMozambique, i-Uganda namanye amazwe ase-Afrika athatha i-sesame njengemboni eyinsika kwezolimo.

Kusukela ngo-2005, i-China ivule ngokulandelanayo ukufinyelela kwe-sesame emazweni angama-20 ase-Afrika, okuhlanganisa i-Egypt, iNigeria, ne-Uganda. Iningi labo linikezwe impatho yamahhala. Izinqubomgomo zokuphana zikhuthaze ukwanda okukhulu kokuthengwa kwe-sesame evela e-Afrika. Mayelana nalokhu, amanye amazwe ase-Afrika nawo enze izinqubomgomo zoxhaso ezifanele, ezikhuthaze kakhulu umdlandla wabalimi bendawo ngokutshala umbewu.

Umqondo ojwayelekile odumile:

I-Sudan: Indawo yokutshala enkulu kunazo zonke

Ukukhiqizwa kwesesame saseSudan kugxile emathafeni obumba empumalanga nasenkabeni yezindawo, okuhlanganisa amahektha angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-2.5, okwenza cishe amaphesenti angu-40 e-Afrika, abekwe kuqala emazweni ase-Afrika.

I-Ethiopia: umkhiqizi omkhulu kunabo bonke

I-Ethiopia ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wamasesame e-Afrika futhi ingeyesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni jikelele. "Imvelo kanye ne-organic" ilebula layo eliyingqayizivele. Imbewu ye-sesame yezwe itshalwa kakhulu enyakatho-ntshonalanga naseningizimu-ntshonalanga ezindaweni eziphansi. Imbewu yayo yesesame emhlophe idume umhlaba wonke ngokunambitheka kwayo okumnandi kanye nesivuno esikhulu sikawoyela, okuyenza idume kakhulu.

INigeria: izinga eliphezulu lokukhiqiza uwoyela

ISesame iyimpahla yesithathu ebaluleke kakhulu yokuthekelisa eNigeria. Inezinga eliphezulu lokukhiqiza uwoyela kanye nesidingo esikhulu semakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Iwumkhiqizo wezolimo obaluleke kakhulu othunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Njengamanje, indawo yokutshala u-sesame eNigeria ikhula kancane, futhi kusenamandla amakhulu okwandisa umkhiqizo.

I-Tanzania: isivuno esiphezulu

Izindawo eziningi eTanzania zilungele ukukhula kwesesame. Uhulumeni ukubheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni ye-sesame. Umnyango wezolimo uthuthukisa imbewu, uthuthukise izindlela zokutshala futhi uqeqeshe nabalimi. Isivuno sifinyelela ku-1 ton/hectare, okuyenza ibe isifunda esinesivuno esikhulu sesesame endaweni ngayinye e-Afrika.